The Influence of Entrepreneurship Characteristics on Attitude towards Knowledge Commercialization

Authors

  • Mohammed NawzadSabir College of Public Administration and Natural Resource Management, Charmo University Author
  • Bestoon Othman Department of Business Administration, Koya Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University and Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Malaysia. Author
  • Farhad Al-Kake College of administration and financial sciences Knowledge University, Iraq Author
  • Wirya Rashid Marketing Department, College of Administration and Economic university of Sulaimani, Iraq and Faculty of Administrative and Financial sciences, University of Cihan 46001, Sulaimani/Kurdistan, Iraq Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61841/9r2qmx12

Keywords:

Entrepreneurship, Characteristics, Attitude, Knowledge Commercialization

Abstract

Recently, universities are contributing to the economy through the commercialization of research and are also playing important roles in economic development while simultaneously carrying out traditional teaching and research roles. However, universities must provide teachers with an environment in which they can engage in commercial activities in order to successfully transfer technology. In order to explore the commercial characteristics necessary to improve the marketing activities of research universities, which has received little attention in the literature. Therefore, to fill this gap, this study aims to explore the relationship between the entrepreneurial characteristics of university research academics and the attitude of commercialization of knowledge. A random selection of 94 teachers from the Polytechnic University of Malaysia examined the relationship between the characteristics of the company (i.e., need for achievement, locus of control, leadership, commitment, and determination risk-taking propensity). The results of the study show that leadership and self-confidence are the most important features of increased marketing. The study also found a positive relationship between all these features and the marketing attitudes among teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that university administrations improve the commercial characteristics of teachers in order to increase the commercialization of research activities. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] Abreu, M. and Grinevich, V. (2013). The Nature of Academic Entrepreneurship in the UK: Widening the Focus on Entrepreneurial

Activities. Research Policy 42, 408– 422.

[2] Anokhin, S., Wincent, J., and Frishammar, J. (2011). A Conceptual Framework for Misfit Technology Commercialization. Technological

Forecasting and Social Change, 78(6), 1060-1071.

[3] Arora, A., and Gambardella, A. (2011). Implications for Energy Innovation from the chemical industry. In Rebecca M. Henderson and

Richard G. Newell (ed.) Accelerating Energy Innovation: Insights from Multiple Sectors (pp. 87-111). University of Chicago Press

4] Arvanitis, S., and Woerter, M. (2012). Exploration or Exploitation of Knowledge from Universities: Does it Make a Difference? (No. 322).

KOF Working Papers, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich.

[5] Avolio, B. J., Zhu, W., Koh, W., and Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of

Psychological Empowerment and Moderating Role of Structural Distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(8), 951-968.

[6] Barajas, A., Huergo, E., and Moreno, L. (2012). Measuring the Economic Impact of Research Joint Ventures Supported by the EU

Framework Programme. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 37(6), 917-942.

[7] Bercovitz, J., and Feldman, M. (2006). Entrepreneurial Universities and Technology Transfer: A Conceptual Framework for

Understanding Knowledge-Based Economic Development. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 175-188.

[8] Boyer, T. W. (2006). The Development of Risk-Taking: A Multi-Perspective Review. Developmental Review, 26(3), 291-345.

[9] Buenstorf, G., and Geissler, M. (2012). Not Invented Here: Technology Licensing, Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Based on Public

Research. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 22(3), 481-511.

[10] Busenitz, L. W., and Arthurs, J. D. (2007). Cognition and Capabilities in Entrepreneurial Ventures. In J. R. Baum, M. Frese, R. Baron

(Eds.), The Psychology of Entrepreneurship Research (pp. 131-150), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

[11] Collier, A. and Gray, B. (2010). The Commercialization of University Innovations – A Qualitative Analysis of the New Zealand Situation.

Research Report, http://www.otago.ac.nz/entrepreneurship.

[12] Collura, M and Applegate, L.M. 2000. Entrepreneurial Mindset Tool: Building E-Businesses. Retrieved from:

[13] D‘Este, P., and Perkmann, M. (2011). Why do Academics Engage with Industry? The Entrepreneurial University and Individual

Motivations. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 36(3), 316-339.

[14] Darroch, M. A., and Clover, T. A. (2005). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Quality on the Success of Small, Medium and Micro

Agribusinesses in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Agrekon, 44(3), 321-343.

[15] DayangHaryani Diana Ag. Damita*, AmranHarunb, David Martinb, BabanJabbarOthmanc, B. O. and H. A. (2019). What makes a nonMuslim purchase halal food in a Muslim country? An application of theory of planned behaviour. Management Science Letters, 9(12),

2029–2038. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.003

[16] Drnevich, P. L. and Kriauciunas, A. P. (2011). Clarifying the Conditions and Limits of the Contributions of Ordinary and Dynamic

Capabilities to Relative Firm Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 32, 254–279.

[17] Fathi, R. (2014). The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Business Intelligence of Management Students of Islamic Azad University

of Elam.International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (19), 24-34.

[18] Fogelberg, H., and Lundqvist, M. A. (2013). Integration of Academic and Entrepreneurial Roles: The Case of Nanotechnology Research at

Chalmers University of Technology. Science and Public Policy, 40(1), 127-139.

[19] Garon, N., and Moore, C. (2004). Complex Decision-Making in Early Childhood. Brain and Cognition, 55(1), 158-170.

[20] Gibson, S. G., Harris, M. L., Walker, P. D., and McDowell, W. C. (2014). Investigating the Entrepreneurial Attitudes of African

Americans: A Study of Young Adults. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 19(2), 107-125.

[21] Goldstein, H., Bergman, E. M., and Maier, G. (2013). University Mission Creep? Comparing EU and US Faculty Views of University

Involvement in Regional Economic Development and Commercialization. The Annals of Regional Science, 50(2), 453-477.

[22] Golob, E. (2006). Capturing the Regional Economic Benefits of University Technology Transfer: A Case Study. The Journal of

Technology Transfer, 31(6), 685-695.

[23] Guerrero, M., and Urbano, D. (2012). The Development of an Entrepreneurial University. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 37(1), 43-

74.

[24] Hatch, J., and Zweig, J. (2000). Departments-Entrepreneurs-What is the Stuff of an Entrepreneur?. Ivey Business Journal, 65(2), 68-72.

[25] Henry, C., Hill, F and Leitch, C. (2003). Entrepreneurship: Education and Training. England: Ash Gate Publishing Limited.

http://www.rogeliodavila.com/eblsca/docs/m03entrptool.pdf.

[26] Ismail, K., Wan Zaidi, W. and Izaidin, A. (2011). The Commercialisation Process of Patents by Universities, African Journal of Business

Management, Vol. 5(17), 7198-7208.

[27] Jain, S., George, G., and Maltarich, M. (2009). Academics or Entrepreneurs? Investigating Role Identity Modification of University

Scientists Involved in Commercialization Activity. Research Policy, 38(6), 922-935.

[28] Jensen, R. A., Thursby, J. G., and Thursby, M. C. (2003). Disclosure and Licensing of University Inventions:‗The Best We Can Do With

The S** t We Get to Work with‘. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21(9), 1271-1300.

[29] Koh, C.H. 1996. Testing Hypotheses of Entrepreneurial Characteristics: A Study of Hong Kong MBA Students. Journal of Managerial

Psychology, 11(3), 12-25.

[30] Kolakowski, M. (2011). Risk Aversion. Retrieved from http://financecareers.about.com/od/rz/g/Risk_Aversion.htm.

[31] Kuratko, D. F. and Audretsch, D. B. (2009). Strategic Entrepreneurship: Exploring Different Perspectives of an Emerging Concept.

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(1), 1-17.

[32] Lai, W. H., and Tsai, C. T. (2010). Energising R&D Accumulation and Innovation Diffusion: an Intermediary Model of Integrating

Industry-University Collaborations. International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialization, 9(1), 150-165.

[33] Lam, A. (2011). What Motivates Academic Scientists to Engage in Research Commercialization:‗Gold‘, ‗Ribbon‘ or ‗Puzzle‘?. Research

Policy, 40(10), 1354-1368.

[34] Leydesdorff, L. (2012). The Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. Available at SSRN 1996760

[35] Libaers, D., and Wang, T. (2012). Foreign‐Born Academic Scientists: Entrepreneurial Academics or Academic Entrepreneurs?. R&D

Management, 42(3), 254-272.

[36] Ling, Y. H. and Jaw, B. S. (2011). Entrepreneurial Leadership, Human Capital Management, and Global Competitiveness. An Empirical

Study of Taiwanese MNCs. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 2(2), 117-135.

[37] Lo, Y. J., Liu, W. Y., and Wen, C. T. (2010). The Value Added Capability of Innovation Intermediaries in Technology Transaction

Markets. Paper Presented at the Technology

[38] Management for Global Economic Growth (PICMET), 2010 Proceedings of PICMET'10.

[39] Longenecker, J.G., Moore, C.W. and Petty, J.W. (2006). Small Business Management: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis, 13th ed. Mason,

Ohio: South Western College Publishing.

[40] McCarthy, B. (2000). Researching the Dynamics of Risk-taking and Social Learning: An Exploratory Study of Irish Entrepreneurs. Irish

Marketing Review, 13(1), 46-60.

[41] McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. New York: Van Nostrand.

[42] Merrill, S. A. and Mazza, A. M. (2010). Managing University Intellectual Property in the Public Interest. National Research Council,

Washington, DC.

[43] Meyers, A. D. and Pruthi, S. (2011). Academic Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Universities and Biotechnology. Journal of Commercial

Biotechnology, 17(4), 349-357.

[44] Mohaghar, A., Monawarian, A., and Raassed, H. (2012). Evaluation of Technology Transfer Strategy of Petrochemical Process. The

Journal of Technology Transfer, 37(4), 563-576.

[45] Muhammad, S. S. (2019). Identification , Assessment and Mitigation of Environment Side Risks for Malaysian Manufacturing.

Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 9(1), 3851–3857.

[46] Mullins, L.J. (2002). Management and Organizational Behaviour. 6th ed. Financial Times, Prentice Hall, 434-435.

[47] Othman, B., Harun, A., Rashid, W., & Ali, R. (2019). The impact of Umrah service quality on customer satisfaction towards Umrah travel

agents in Malaysia. Management Science Letters, 9, 1763–1772. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.014

[48] Rashid, W. N., and Ismail, K. (2014). The Role of Entrepreneurial Leaders towards Commercialization of University Research. Journal of

Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(6), 183-196.

[49] Saunders, M., Lewis, P., and Thornhill, A. (2009). Research Methods for Business Students (5th ed.). Harlow, England: Prentice hall.

[50] Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business

Cycle. Translated by Redvers Opie. Oxford University Press.

[51] Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach. (4th Edition). New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.

[52] Shane, S., Locke, E.A and Collins, C.J. (2003). Entrepreneurial Motivation. Human Resource Management Review, 13 (2), 257-279.

[53] Takahashi, M. and Carraz, R. (2011). Academic Patenting in Japan: Illustration from a Leading Japanese University. In: Wong, P.K. (Ed.),

Academic Entrepreneurship in Asia. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, U.K., pp. 86–107

[54] Thorp, L. and Goldstein, P. (2010). Engines of Innovation: The Entrepreneurial University in the Twenty-first Century. Chapel Hill, NC:

The University of North Carolina Press.

[55] Timmons, J.A. and Spinelli, S. (2009). New Venture Creation Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century (8th ed.) Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.

[56] Timmons, J.A., Spinelli, S and Ensign, P. (2010). New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century. Canada: McGraw-Hill

Ryerson.

[57] Wang, J. F. (2010). Framework for University-Industry Technology Transfer: View of a Technology Receiver. In Second International

Conference on Communication Systems, Networks and Applications (ICCSNA), 2010 (Vol. 2, pp. 383-386). IEEE.

[58] Wickham, P.A. (2001). Strategic Entrepreneurship: A Decision Making Approach to New Venture Creation and Management. 2nd ed.

Financial Times prentice, Harlow

[59] WIPO (2011). World Intellectual property Report: The Changing Face of Innovation. World Intellectual Property Organization, Geneva,

Switzerland.

[60] Young, T. A., Krattiger, A., Mahoney, R. T., Nelsen, L., Thomson, J. A., Bennett, A. B., and Kowalski, S. P. (2007). Establishing a

Technology Transfer Office. Intellectual Property Management in Health and Agricultural Innovation: A Handbook of Best Practices,

Volumes 1 and 2, 545-558.

[61] Zhao, H., Seibert S.E and Hills, G.E. (2005). The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions.

Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265–1272

[62] Zimmerer T.W and Scarborough, N.M. (2005). Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Business

Downloads

Published

31.05.2019

How to Cite

The Influence of Entrepreneurship Characteristics on Attitude towards Knowledge Commercialization. (2019). International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 23(2), 566-582. https://doi.org/10.61841/9r2qmx12