Valorization of Cherry and Date seeds residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach

Abstract

Valorization of cherry and date seeds residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach is rethinking the ways of producing, distributing, and consuming energy, as sustainable development must be increasingly incorporated into industrial, commercial, and domestic centers. Sustainable processes, the use of residues from biomass and its processing, synthesis of new materials, and production of biofuels residue towards valuable bio-based fuel via thermal pyrolysis approach are niches that can be fully correlated. This work brings this correlation, focusing on even more integrated production chains. Production of biofuels from residual biomass can also create by-products, even on the basis of sustainability and resource use, as in the case of the gasification procedure, in which biting and incrustations of the equipment can lead to a decrease in the performance by-product, consisting mainly of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. There are therefore two parts to this work: the first is to get a liquid (bio-oil) phase by thermal cracking the tar, and the other is to produce a solid (coal) phase; and, the second is to utilize beer bagasse to obtain charcoal by pyrolysis. In order to include the sulfonate group in their structures, both solid products were submitted for a sulfonation procedure. Several methods for valorization of cherry and date seeds residue analysis, including elemental testing, have shown sulfonation effectiveness and have shown up to a hundred times the amount of sulfur compared with the pre-operation material. As a heterogeneous catalyst, sulfonated tar coal was then used in the esterification and transesterification of oleic acid. With both alcohols, both methods achieved a 100% transformation (methyl and ethyl alcohol).