The neurological approach of theory of mind and empathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/estpwh71Keywords:
neurological approach, theory of mind, empathy, attribution of mental states, social knowledgeAbstract
In this article, we discuss the neuropsychological links between theory of mind and empathy, which form two main dimensions of social knowledge.
Empathy, defined as the ability to understand and feel the emotions of others, has a central role in social interactions. Empathy is a binary phenomenon consisting of emotional empathy and cognitive empathy, while theory of mind represents the ability to visualize and attribute non-intentions, beliefs, desires, emotions, and, in general, a mental state that allows understanding of the behavior of others. At the brain level, the prefrontal cortex plays a key role in the perception of the mental state of others and self-reflection, while the superior temporal sulcus is involved in detecting the sensation of agency and in the initial analysis of biological movements such as gaze orientation, mouth movements, hands, and body.
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